What are the disadvantages of hydraulic actuators?

Release Time :

2025-02-10

Limited Motion Control Capabilities

Hydraulic cylinders can have problems when multiple stops and speed changes are part of the motion profile. Additionally, consistency of position, speed, and force can be affected by worn seals, leaks, and pressure variations in the pump.

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Lack of Flexibility

Basic hydraulic actuators are not programmable. Changes in force, speed, and other variables are made through time-consuming manual adjustments that may not be precise enough. Servo-hydraulic actuators are programmable, but they have more components, adding complexity, space, and cost.

Inadequate Data Collection CapabilitiesData Collection Comparisons

Data collection and reporting are required in many manufacturing environments as part of a continuous improvement process. Hydraulic cylinders require expensive, complex servo-hydraulic systems with additional sensors to track and monitor what is happening at the work point.

High Maintenance Costs

Hydraulic cylinders are rugged devices, but they require frequent maintenance and attention to perform well. Maintaining the integrity of the rod and piston seals is key, as they are the main components that bear the pressure. Oil filters and oil must be changed regularly, as contaminated or deteriorated oil can affect system operation.

Low Operating Efficiency

Hydraulic systems typically operate at 40-55% efficiency. While this is better than pneumatic systems (10-20%), it is much lower than electric systems (75-80%). Additionally, in hydraulic systems, the power unit keeps the hydraulic system pressurized when the system is on, resulting in inefficient use of electricity.

Large System Footprint

The components of a hydraulic actuator system take up valuable space. Although the hydraulic cylinder takes up little space at the work point, the hydraulic power unit (HPU) that regulates the flow and pressure of the hydraulic cylinder requires a large amount of floor space. The system includes the hydraulic cylinder, the power unit that provides the oil pressure, the control and accessory valves, filters, hoses, fittings, and other components.

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Temperature Sensitivity

Both high and low temperatures can affect the performance of hydraulic cylinders. High temperatures can damage seals and cause pressure loss. Low temperatures can make the system oil thicker and slower to respond.


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